ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the advantages of spatial measurement of anatomical parameters in a 3D model in surgical planning for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February, 2016 to October, 2017, 37 patients diagnosed with T1 renal mass underwent LPN based on 3D reconstruction after enhanced CT scanning using the Uromedix-3D system (group A), and another 38 patients received LPN with conventional CT planning (group B). The anatomical parameters were measured in the reconstructed 3D model and the demographic data, surgical outcome and postoperative data were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group A, the average time for 3D model reconstruction was (29.3∓9.7) min; the length, width and depth of the renal defect in 3D model were 3.2∓1.1 cm, 2.6∓0.9 cm and 1.7∓0.7 cm, respectively; The distance of the tumor from the collecting system was 3.8∓2.2 mm; The mean R.E.N.A.L score of the patients was 7∓1.5, and 3 patients had accessory renal artery and 2 had early branching of the renal artery. LPNs were completed via the retroperitoneal approach in all the 75 patients without conversion to open or total nephrectomy. Group A and group B showed significant differences in warm ischemic time (26.7∓6.4 vs 31.9∓7.0 min), tumor-excision time (8.4∓2.6 vs 10.4∓2.8 min), renal defect suture time (18.3∓3.9 vs 21.5∓3.4 min), 24-h volume of retroperitoneal drainage (88.6∓40.2 vs 134.3∓58.3 mL) and 48-h volume of retroperitoneal drainage (127.9∓54.5 vs 198.1∓86.3 mL), but not in the demographic data, operation time, intraoperative blood loss or postoperative hospital stay.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>3D reconstruction of the renal masses can be completed efficiently and accurately using this system. Compared with conventional CT-based measurement, 3D spatial measurement of the anatomical structures helps to increase the precision in the performance of LPN and reduce the warm ischemia time.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the features of intraductal papilloma of the breast in mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assess the diagnostic values of the two imaging modalities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen patients with intraductal papilloma of the breast confirmed surgically and pathologically underwent X-ray examination of the breast, and 11 of them also received enhanced MRI. The imaging findings by mammography and MRI were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Enhanced MRI clearly displayed the location and morphology of the intraductal papilloma, and 7 patients showed smooth tumor margins and 2 showed irregular margins. On T(1)WI, the lesions were isointense or slightly hypointense, and appeared isointense or slightly hyperintense on T(2)WI. Some of the intraductal papillomas were seen encapsulated in the dilated ductal. The varying enhancement features of the lesions increased the difficulty in distinguishing from carcinoma. Mammography identified intraductal papillomas only in 2 of the 15 cases (13%) with lesion feature similar to that found by MRI. Fine cluster calcification was found in 1 case.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MRI can more accurately define the location of the lesion than X-ray. In spite of some resemblance in the MRI findings between intraductal papillomas and breast carcinoma, MRI still serves as a useful diagnostic modality for intraductal papilloma that shows some characteristic findings.</p>